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Rim Village Historic District
Rim Village is the main area for tourist services in Crater Lake National Park in southern Oregon, United States. It is located on the southwest rim of the caldera overlooking Crater Lake. The National Park Service designed Rim Village to concentrate park services at a location that provided easy access to rim trails and view points. Because of the unique rustic architecture of the Rim Village structures and the surrounding park landscape, the area was listed as Rim Village Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.
==Early history==
Crater Lake lies inside a caldera created 7,700 years ago when the high Mount Mazama collapsed following a large volcanic eruption. Over the following millennium, the caldera was filled with rain water forming today's lake.〔("Crater Lake - Like No Place Else on Earth" ), Crater Lake National Park, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, 8 March 2008.〕 The Klamath Indians revered Crater Lake for its deep blue waters. In 1853, three gold miners found the lake, and named it Deep Blue Lake. However, because the lake was so high in the Cascade Mountains the discovery was soon forgotten.〔("Park History" ), Crater Lake National Park, National Park Service, United States Department of Interior, 8 March 2008.〕
In 1886, Captain Clarence Dutton, commander of a United States Geological Survey party, carried a half-ton survey boat, the ''Cleetwood'', up the steep mountain slope and lowered it into the lake. From the ''Cleetwood'', Dutton used piano wire to measure the depth of the lake at 168 different points. The survey team determined the lake was deep. This is surprisingly close to the modern sonar based readings made in 1959 that established the lake's deepest point at .〔〔Green, Linda W., "Steps Leading Toward Establishment of Crater Lake National Park (-The Dutton Survey" ), Crater Lake Historic Resource Study, National Park Service, United States Department of the Interior, Denver, Colorado, June 1984.〕
William Gladstone Steel accompanied Dutton to Crater Lake in 1886. He named many of the lake's landmarks including Wizard Island, Llao Rock, and Skell Head, and participated in lake surveys that provided scientific evidence of the lake's uniqueness. After his return, he began advocating that Crater Lake be established as a national park.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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